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oud, stringed musical instrument outstanding in medieval and contemporary Islamic music. It's the parent of the eu lute. The oud contains a deep pear-shaped human body, a fretless fingerboard, and a comparatively shorter neck and relatively a lot less acutely bent-again pegbox than the European lute.
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Permalink Hello, superior write-up! I needed to comment on the Mesopotamian impression in the ‘a thing or other’ which the British Museum claims is actually a lute. I’ve been executing my PhD on extensive neck lutes and spent my very first yr exploring The traditional Mesopotamian visuals, And that i’m certain that that determine is not playing a lute of any kind! The entire cylinder seal depicts a royal barge referred to as a maghur that kings of enough time would use to journey from metropolis to metropolis in their domains by way of the canals that presented irrigation and served as ‘roadways’–maintaining these was among the king’s primary duties in that fairly arid area. The seal demonstrates quite usual iconography for that subject: there’s a standing guy in front, a punter, who makes use of his prolonged pole to thrust the barge together and go objects away from how. In the center there’s a bull that has a sq. throne on its back–a symbol in the king himself who typically had the title ‘Wild Bull of your Mountain’, and an precise bull who'd be the sacrifice at temple rites in the town the king was traveling to.
One particular idea is that the oud originated from the Persian instrument referred to as a barbat (Persian: بربت ) or barbud, a lute indicated by Marcel-Dubois to generally be of Central Asian origin. The earliest pictorial image in the barbat dates back again into the 1st song century BC from ancient northern Bactria and is also the oldest proof of your existence from the barbat.
Provided the enjoyment the Moors and Sufis took in punning, the convergence looks pausible to me, and also the crossword setter in me finds The concept delightfuil, but I’m not a scholar of historic philology.
This difference is not really primarily based only on geography; the Arabic oud is identified not merely from the Arabian Peninsula but through the Arab globe.[50] Turkish ouds have already been played by Anatolian Greeks, wherever They're referred to as outi, and in other areas while in the Mediterranean.
This is often why the width need to be [of] fifteen fingers as it's the fifty percent of the duration. Equally for your depth, 7 fingers and also a fifty percent and this is the 50 % with the width along with the quarter in the length [with the strings]. As well as the neck should be one 3rd from the duration [on the speaking strings] and it can be: ten fingers. Continues to be the vibrating entire body: 20 fingers. And the again (soundbox) be very well rounded and its "thinning" (kharţ) [should be done] toward the neck, as if it were a spherical human body drawn having a compass which was Slice in two as a way to extract two ‛ūds.[ten]
Although some parts of the oud-playing environment, for instance Iran, had fretted ouds all the way from the tenth to 17th centuries, they ended up constantly inside a minority.
I did read the content (equally of them!) to the vielle, and definitely the western iconography places the fiddle at the heart of troubadour lifestyle in Provence.
might seem to be an noticeable and prosaic name for an instrument, perhaps so named to point a picket soundboard rather than a single designed from a stretched animal pores and skin.
Because of the eleventh century, Muslim Iberia had turn into a Heart for that manufacture of instruments. These products spread steadily to Provence, influencing French troubadours and trouvères and ultimately achieving the remainder of Europe.
. For the duration of his reign he wrote and commissioned a large number of guides, with subjects ranging from art and literature to scientific texts translated into Castillian from Arabic originals. The most vital of Alfonso’s publications for our purpose could be the Cantigas de Santa María
Tunings fluctuate; the pitch range is analogous to that of a lute or guitar. Commonly referred to as oud throughout cultures, the instrument can be recognized by other names, for instance lavta
The very first proof of instruments we can really say are ouds are in the artwork from the Sassanid period of Iran, the last Iranian empire before the increase of Islam, from CE 224 to 651.